Hlau 3D luam ntawv
Cov lus piav qhia luv luv:
Hlau 3D luam ntawv yogcov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim cov seem los ntawm cua kub, sintering, melting thiab txias ntawm cov hmoov hlau los ntawm laser lossis hluav taws xob nqaj hluav taws xob nyob hauv qab tswj hwm lub computer. 3D tshuab luam ntawv tsis xav tau pwm, sib sau ceev ceev, tus nqi siab, haum rau cov qauv thiab cov khoom tawg me me.
Hlau 3D tshuab luam ntawv (3DP) yog ib hom ntawm kev thev naus laus zis tshuab. Nws yog thev naus laus zis raws li cov qauv ntaub ntawv digital, uas siv cov hmoov hlau lossis yas thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv nplaum los tsim cov khoom los ntawm txheej luam ntawv. Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov hlau luam ntawv 3D thiab yas 3D luam tawm: Cov no yog ob qho thev naus laus zis. Cov khoom siv raw ntawm hlau 3D luam ntawv yog hlau hmoov, uas yog tsim thiab luam tawm los ntawm laser kub kub sintering. Cov khoom siv rau cov yas 3D luam tawm yog kua, uas tawm mus rau cov khoom siv ua kua los ntawm ultraviolet rays ntawm qhov txawv yoj, ua rau polymerization cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab kho kom zoo.
1. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm hlau 3D luam ntawv
1. qhov zoo ntawm cov hlau luam ntawv 3D
A. Kev ntsuas sai ntawm qhov chaw
B. Cov thev naus laus zis no tuaj yeem siv cov ntaub ntawv hlau ua kom nruj los tsim cov duab uas tsis yooj yim uas tsis tuaj yeem pom los ntawm cov thev naus laus zis zoo li kev coj ua, kev ua thiab ua kom zoo nkauj.
Piv nrog cov txheej txheem kev tsim ua qub, 3D luam ntawv muaj ntau yam zoo, suav nrog:
A. tus nqi siv tag nrho siab ntawm cov ntaub ntawv;
B. tsis tas yuav qhib lub pwm, cov txheej txheem tsim khoom tsawg dua thiab lub voj voog luv;
C Raug voj voog lub sijhawm luv luv. Hauv kev tshwj xeeb, 3D luam tawm ntawm qhov chaw nrog cov qauv ua sib txawv yuav siv ib feem tsib lossis txawm tias ib feem kaum ntawm lub sijhawm ntawm kev siv tshuab dog dig
D. qhov chaw nrog cov qauv txheej txheem tuaj yeem tsim tawm, xws li sab hauv conformal flow channel;
E. dawb tsim raws li cov khoom siv cuab yeej tsim nyog yam tsis tau xav txog kev tsim khoom.
Nws lub tshuab luam ntawv tsis ceev, thiab nws feem ntau yog siv rau kev lag luam nrawm ntawm ib qho lossis ib feem me me, tsis muaj nqi thiab sijhawm ntawm pwm qhib. Txawm hais tias 3D luam ntawv tsis haum rau ntau lawm, nws tuaj yeem siv rau kev lag luam nrawm ntawm ntau yam pwm rau kev tsim khoom loj.
2 .disadvantages ntawm hlau 3D luam ntawv
Hlau 3D luam tawm muaj kev tsim qauv tshiab, xws li sib sau ua ke ntau yam hauv cov txheej txheem ntau lawm kom txo cov khoom siv thiab pwm ua cov nqi.
A). Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov hlau 3D luam ntawv feem ntau loj dua + / -0.10 hli, thiab qhov tseeb tsis zoo li cov cuab yeej siv cav zoo tib yam.
B) Cov cuab yeej siv kho cua sov ntawm 3D luam ntawv hlau yuav txawv txawv: qhov muag muag ntawm 3D luam ntawv hlau yog feem ntau siab precision thiab cov duab coj txawv txawv. Yog hais tias 3D luam ntawv ntawm steel qhov yog kho cua sov, seem yuav poob meej, lossis yuav tsum tau rov ua dua tshiab los ntawm cov cuab yeej tshuab
Ib feem ntawm cov tsoos cov khoom txo kev siv tshuab tuaj yeem tsim tau ib txheej tawv rau ntawm cov kab npoo. 3D printing tsis zoo heev. Ntxiv mus, qhov nthuav thiab qhov txuas ntxiv ntawm qhov chaw steel yog qhov hnyav nyob hauv kev siv tshuab. Qhov kub thiab nqus ntawm qhov chaw yuav cuam tshuam loj rau qhov tseeb
2. Cov ntaub ntawv siv rau hlau 3D luam tawm
Nws suav nrog steel hlau (AISI316L), txhuas, titanium, Inconel (Ti6Al4V) (625 lossis 718), thiab martensitic steel.
1) .tus thiab cov martensitic steels
2) Cov Khoom Muaj). hlau stainless.
3). Alloy: cov ntaub ntawv siv hlau hmoov tshaj plaws rau 3D luam ntawv cov ntaub ntawv yog cov ntshiab titanium thiab titanium alloy, aluminium alloy, nickel puag alloy, cobalt chromium alloy, tooj liab puag alloy, thiab lwm yam.
Tooj liab 3D luam ntawv qhov
Hlau 3D luam ntawv ntu
Aluminium 3D luam ntawv qhov
3D luam ntawv pwm ntxig
3. Hom hlau luam ntawv 3D
Muaj tsib hom hlau 3D luam ntawv thev naus laus zis: SLS, SLM, npj, lens thiab EBSM.
1). xaiv laser sintering (SLS)
SLS yog ua los ntawm cov hmoov sib tov thiab lub tog raj kheej sib koom. Lub piston ntawm lub tog raj kheej ntawm lub nce. Lub hmoov yog tusyees tso rau ntawm txoj kev kheej kheej kheej los ntawm cov hmoov paver. Lub koos pij tawj tswj hwm ob txoj kev sib kis ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob laser ua raws li hlais qauv ntawm qhov qauv. Cov khoom siv cov hmoov txhuam yog xaiv tau sintered los ua ib txheej ntawm ntu. Tom qab ua tiav ntawm ib txheej, lub tshuab ua haujlwm piston poob ib txheej tuab, cov hmoov txheej txheem kis cov hmoov tshiab, thiab tswj cov kab teeb ci laser kom luam theej duab thiab ua txhaum cov txheej tshiab. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, lub voj voog yog rov ua dua txheej los ntawm txheej kom txog rau thaum muaj peb ntu tsim.
2) Cov Khoom Muaj). xaiv laser melting (SLM)
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm laser selective melting thev naus laus zis yog tsim cov qauv peb-seem ntawm cov ntu los ntawm kev siv peb-txheej txheem qauv software xws li Pro / E, UG thiab CATIA ntawm lub khoos phis tawm, tom qab ntawd hlais tus qauv peb-seem los ntawm hlais software, tau txais cov ntaub ntawv profile ntawm txhua ntu, tsim cov txheej txheem ntawm kev sib cais los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv profile, thiab cov cuab yeej yuav tswj cov xaiv qhov chaw ntawm cov nplais laser raws li cov kab txuas ntawm cov kab ntawm txhua cov txheej ntawm cov hmoov hlau cov khoom yog maj maj mus rau hauv peb- seem seem hlau. Ua ntej lub nqaj nqaj hlau laser pib pib tawg, cov hmoov txav kis cov cuab yeej thawb cov hmoov hlau mus rau lub hauv paus phaj ntawm txoj kev ua lub tog raj kheej, thiab tom qab ntawd lub teeb xim laser melts cov hmoov ntawm lub hauv paus phaj raws li sau cov kab ntawm kab tam sim no, thiab ua cov txheej txheem txheej txheej tam sim no, thiab tom qab ntawd cov kev tsim lub tog raj kheej nqis txheej txheej tuab sib nrug, hmoov lub tog raj kheej nce qee yam tuab tuab, cov hmoov sib kis tau kis cov hmoov hlau ntawm txheej txheej txheej tam sim no, thiab cov khoom siv kho kom nkag mus rau cov ntaub ntawv ntawm txheej txheej ntxiv contour rau kev ua, thiab tom qab ntawd ua cov txheej txheej los ntawm txheej kom txog rau thaum tag nrho cov txheej txheem.
3). nanoparticle txau hlau ntau lawm (NPJ)
Ordinary 3D printing tshuab ntawm hlau yog siv laser yaj lossis sinter hlau hmoov hais, thaum npj tshuab siv tsis hmoov zoo, tab sis ua kua xeev. Cov hlau no tau muab qhwv rau hauv ib lub raj hauv cov ntawv ua kua thiab ntxig rau hauv tshuab luam ntawv 3D, uas siv "molten iron" uas muaj cov nanoparticles hlau los tsuag rau hauv cov duab thaum 3D luam ntawv hlau. Qhov kom zoo dua yog cov hlau luam nrog hlau nchuav, tag nrho cov qauv yuav mellow ntau dua, thiab tus cwj pwm zoo-dav hlau luam ntawv taub hau tuaj yeem siv los ua cov khoom siv. Thaum luam ntawv tiav lawm, chav tsim kho yuav yaj cov kua dej ntau dhau los ntawm cua kub, tawm tsuas yog cov hlau seem
4). laser ze net shaping (lens)
Cov laser ze ze shaping (lens) thev naus laus zis siv txoj haujlwm ntawm laser thiab hmoov thauj thauj tib lub sijhawm. 3D CAD qauv ntawm ntu yog txiav los ntawm lub khoos phis tawm, thiab 2D lub dav hlau contour cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov feem tau txais. Cov ntaub ntawv no tom qab ntawd hloov mus rau cov lus tsa suab khiav haujlwm ntawm NC lub rooj haujlwm. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov hmoov hlau tau txau rau hauv laser tsom qhov chaw ntawm qee qhov kev noj haus kom sai, melted thiab solidified sai, thiab tom qab ntawd cov khoom lag luam ze ze tuaj yeem tau los ntawm cov ntsiab lus teem, cov kab thiab thaj chaw. Cov tshooj tso tuaj yeem siv tsis tau lossis tsuas yog siv nrog kev ua me me. Lens tuaj yeem paub cov pwm tsim kev lag luam ntawm cov khoom hlau thiab txuag nqi ntau.
5). hluav taws xob nqaj hluav taws xob melting (EBSM)
Lub tshuab hluav taws xob nqaj hlau tshuab tau tsim ua ntej thiab siv los ntawm tuam txhab arcam hauv Sweden. Nws cov ntsiab lus yog siv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tua hluav taws xob ntau qhov hluav taws xob uas tsim los ntawm hluav taws xob nqaj hluav taws xob tom qab hloov kho thiab ua kom pom tseeb, uas ua rau cov hlau ua hmoov txheej ua kom muaj qhov kub thiab txias hauv cheeb tsam me me, ua rau kom cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tawg. Kev soj ntsuam tas mus li ntawm cov nqaj hlau hluav taws xob yuav ua rau cov kab sib xyaw hlau me me sib xyaw thiab sib txuam, thiab ua cov kab ntawv thiab cov npoo hlau txheej tom qab kev sib txuas.
Ntawm cov saum toj no tsib hlau luam ntawv thev naus laus zis, SLS (xaiv laser sintering) thiab SLM (xaiv laser melting) yog cov ntawv thov kev siv tshuab hauv tshuab luam ntawv hlau.
4. Daim ntawv thov ntawm hlau 3D luam ntawv
Nws feem ntau siv hauv pwm kev tsim khoom, kev lag luam tsim thiab lwm cov teb los ua cov qauv, thiab tom qab ntawd nws tau maj mam siv rau hauv kev tsim khoom ncaj qha ntawm qee yam khoom, thiab tom qab ntawd nws tau maj mam siv rau hauv kev tsim khoom ncaj qha ntawm qee yam khoom. Muaj cov twb tau luam tawm los ntawm cov thev naus laus zis no. Cov thev naus laus zis muaj daim ntawv thov hauv cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub, khau, kev tsim qauv, kos duab, txua ntoo thiab kev tsim kho (AEC), kev tsim tsheb, chaw dav hlau, chaw kho hniav thiab kho mob, kev kawm, thaj chaw cov ntaub ntawv, civil engineering, phom thiab lwm cov teb.
Hlau 3D luam ntawv, nrog rau qhov zoo ntawm kev ncaj moulding, tsis muaj pwm, tsim tus kheej thiab cov qauv tsim, kev ua haujlwm siab, kev noj qis thiab qis tus nqi, tau siv dav hauv petrochemical engineering applications, aerospace, tsheb tsim, txhaj tshuaj pwm, lub teeb hlau alloy casting , kev kho mob, ntawv kev lag luam, kev lag luam fais fab, kev ua zaub mov noj, hniav nyiaj hniav kub, zam thiab lwm qhov chaw.
Cov tshuab luam ntawv ua haujlwm tsis siab, feem ntau yog siv rau kev tsim kho nrawm ntawm ib qho lossis ib feem me me, tsis muaj nqi thiab sijhawm qhib pwm. Txawm hais tias 3D luam ntawv tsis haum rau ntau lawm, nws tuaj yeem siv rau kev lag luam nrawm ntawm ntau yam pwm rau kev tsim khoom loj.
1). kev lag luam sector
Tam sim no, ntau lub tuam tsev kev lag luam tau siv cov tshuab luam ntawv 3D ua lawv lub tshuab niaj hnub. Hauv kev tsim ua qauv thiab qauv ntau lawm, 3D tshuab luam ntawv yuav luag siv. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws kuj tseem siv tau hauv kev tsim qee qhov loj
Lub tshuab luam ntawv 3D luam tawm cov ntu thiab tom qab ntawd sib sau ua ke. Piv nrog cov txheej txheem kev tsim ua qub, 3D tshuab luam ntawv tuaj yeem txo lub sijhawm thiab txo tus nqi, tab sis kuj ua tiav ntau lawm.
2) Cov Khoom Muaj). kev kho mob teb
Hlau 3D luam tawm dav siv hauv kev kho mob teb, tshwj xeeb hauv kev kho hniav. Tsis zoo li lwm yam kev phais mob, hlau 3D luam tawm feem ntau siv los luam hniav ua ntej. Qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm kev siv 3D luam ntawv thev naus laus zis yog kev cai. Cov kws kho mob tuaj yeem tsim kev cog hniav raws li cov neeg mob tshwj xeeb. Txoj kev no, tus txheej txheem kho mob ntawm tus neeg mob yuav txo qis qhov mob, thiab yuav tsis muaj teebmeem tsawg tom qab kev phais.
3). nyiaj-kub
Tam sim no, ntau lub tuam txhab ua lag luam kev lag luam tau hloov pauv los ntawm cob 3D luam ntawv thiab siv quav ciab pwm tsim rau hlau 3D luam ntawv. Nrog cov kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv kev ua neej, cov kev xav tau nyiaj ntawm cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub kuj tseem ntau dua. Cov tib neeg tsis nyiam cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub zoo nkauj hauv khw, tab sis xav kom muaj cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub zoo nkauj. Yog li ntawd, nws yuav yog yav tom ntej kev loj hlob ntawm cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub kev lag luam kom paub txog kev cai tsis raug pwm, ntawm cov hlau 3D luam ntawv yuav ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb heev.
4). Aerospace
Ntau lub teb chaws hauv ntiaj teb tau pib siv cov tshuab 3D luam ntawv tshuab kom ua tiav kev txhim kho ntawm kev tiv thaiv teb chaws, chaw dav hlau thiab lwm cov teb. GE thawj 3D lub tshuab luam ntawv nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb, ua rau hauv Ltalis, yog lub luag haujlwm ua cov khoom rau cov tshuab dhia dav hlau, uas ua pov thawj muaj peev xwm ntawm hlau 3D luam ntawv.
5). Tsheb
Lub sijhawm thov ntawm hlau 3D luam ntawv hauv kev lag luam tsheb tsis ntev, tab sis nws muaj peev xwm loj thiab kev nthuav dav sai. Tam sim no, BMW, Audi thiab lwm tus neeg paub zoo lub tsheb lag luam yog kawm tiag tiag siv hlau 3D luam ntawv tshuab los hloov kho hom kev ua ntau lawm
Hlau 3D luam tawm tsis yog txwv los ntawm cov duab zoo ntawm cov seem, tsim los ntawm kev tsim, nrawm thiab ua kom zoo, thiab tsis xav tau kev nqis peev siab ntawm cov pwm, uas tsim nyog rau kev tsim khoom niaj hnub. Nws yuav tsim tawm thiab siv tau nrawm tam sim no thiab yav tom ntej. Yog tias koj muaj cov hlau qhov uas xav tau 3D luam ntawv, thov hu rau peb.
Hlau 3D luam tawm tsis yog txwv los ntawm cov duab zoo ntawm cov seem, tsim los ntawm kev tsim, nrawm thiab ua kom zoo, thiab tsis xav tau kev nqis peev siab ntawm cov pwm, uas tsim nyog rau kev tsim khoom niaj hnub. Nws yuav tsim tawm thiab siv tau nrawm tam sim no thiab yav tom ntej. Yog tias koj muaj cov hlau qhov uas xav tau 3D luam ntawv,thov hu rau peb.
